origin: surging news Chen Jie Fang Xu / Department of ENT, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, />
first of all, we need to understand that during the 16-19 weeks of pregnancy, fetal hearing begins to develop. At this time, the baby can hear her mother's heart beating, blood flow and gastrointestinal peristalsis, and she can also hear her mother's gentle voice and singing. These sounds are about 30 decibels, like whispering in the ear, which will have no adverse effect on fetal hearing. At about 25 gestational weeks, the hearing ability of fetal babies is almost the same as that of adults. To 28 weeks, they are fully responsive to sound stimulation. The sound of fetal baby is reduced by 20 decibels than outside. Tai Baobao's noise is transmitted through the abdominal wall of the mother, the abdominal wall has reflection, which reduces the sound outside about 20 decibels, and the roar outside is called to the baby, just as whispering. But if mummy is in a strong noise for a long time, the protection of her abdominal wall is very limited. Especially for the low-frequency sound, there is almost no weakening function. At this time, it is equivalent to the direct contact with the strong noise of the baby's hearing system.
long term high-intensity noise stimulation affects the development of fetal brain. Babies like to listen to the voices of people and dislike noise interference. The most direct harm of strong noise to the fetus is that it may have adverse effects on the hearing development of the fetus. In addition, the long term noise exposure will cause dysfunction of endocrine glands in pregnant mothers, causing strong contractions of the uterus, which may lead to abortion and premature delivery. If the inner ear of the fetus is stimulated by high intensity noise for a long time, some parts of the brain will be damaged, which may affect the development of the brain. Studies have shown that in the long term noise environment, the baby's personality may be more irritable.
how should Mommy protect the baby's hearing?
1. ensures that the maternal body is fully and adequately nourishing. Maternal malnutrition during pregnancy may affect the development of fetal brain cells and be insensitive to auditory responses. If vitamin B deficiency is present, it may also cause slow deafness.
2. to minimize contact noise, during pregnancy should be far away from the standard (85 dB to 90 dB) noise. We should consciously avoid noisy places such as song and dance hall and construction sites. The prenatal music used by
3. also needs to meet the requirements of frequency and sound intensity, so as to protect the healthy development of the fetus.
the risk factors for hearing loss during pregnancy are:
rubella: if the mother is infected by a rubella virus, it can be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta, and congenital rubella occurs.
sexually transmitted diseases: if a pregnant woman has a venereal disease, such as syphilis or gonorrhea, she will pass it on to the fetus.
influenza: it is caused by infection virus.
contact with harmful substances such as benzene, gasoline, formaldehyde, radiation and so on.
Application of ototoxic drugs such as gentamycin, streptomycin, kanamycin and so on.
How do you do it specifically?
1. strengthens pre pregnancy examination to prevent hereditary deafness;
about 30 thousand newly born deaf children are born every year in China, the incidence of the deaf children is about 1 per thousand ~3 per thousand, hereditary deafness accounts for about 50%, most of them are autosomal recessive inheritance. It is best to carry out screening for deafness gene carriers before or after delivery. The Department of ENT hearing center of Shanghai Children's Medical Center is currently carrying out this business.
2. early pregnancy prevention of infectious diseases, to avoid damage to the hearing organ;
early pregnancy, especially the first 12 weeks of fetal growth, is the key stage of auditory organ development, but also the key to protect the hearing.
3. during pregnancy safe medication to avoid drug deafness;
antibiotics as few as possible, ototoxic drugs (streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, salicylic acid preparation, quinine, antitumor drugs, etc.), fetal Chinese medicine and some medical examination (like hormone examination and abdominal radiation radiation).
4. strengthens health management during pregnancy to ensure physical and mental health.