Training of ancient books protection professionals. Teachers' instruction is particularly important. Therefore, the Chinese Ancient Book Protection Institute introduced many heavyweight masters to teach courses, especially to cultivate students' practical operation ability. "
" the learning time of this specialty is long, the experience of manual operation and repair is accumulated, and the experience and result can not be obtained without the accumulation of time. " Huang Zhengyi, an ancient master of professional master's repair, described the learning process of ancient books restoration.
another ancient book repair expert, Tong Zhizhen, engaged in the repair work of ancient books for more than 40 years. After being hired to Fudan, she opened the basic course of ancient book restoration. In the past, there was no curriculum material for this profession. She wrote the textbook for restoring ancient books. At present, two colleges in Nanjing also use this textbook.
"I feel that the teaching of ancient books restoration is not limited to technology inheritance, but more importantly, the cultivation of advanced concepts. For example, repair of letters, artisan repair often focuses on beauty, often severely damaged the original appearance. Compared with technology inheritance, Tong Zhi Zhen pays more attention to the cultivation of students' ideas, hoping that they can learn how to judge the historical value of ancient books.
in addition to the art restoration course, Fudan also enacted printmaking courses for students, Professor Ni Jianming, a master figure in Chinese printmaking.
"the restoration of students needs aesthetic foundation, and only with artistic perspective can we cultivate ancient books of art quality." Yang Guanghui interprets the original intention of the printmaking course. He hopes that the printmaking learning can cultivate the students' aesthetic consciousness and the training of their practical ability.
"this is a hard work. You have to like it." If you really like it, you will be very committed. " Huang Zhengyi evaluated the restoration of ancient books in this way. Though bitter, she believes that the industry is deeply related to the spread of traditional books and the inheritance of skills.
Zheng Meiyu in demonstrating how to mend the worm eaten ancient book page Wang Pengxiang took
resurrection paper to provide paper for the restoration of ancient books and to provide paper
the focus of the discipline construction of the Chinese Ancient Book Protection Research Institute, that is, the important cultural heritage and technology of the country. The core issue of art research is the restoration of Kaihua paper technology.
in traditional Chinese handmade paper, Kaihua paper enjoys its distinguished status and international reputation because of its fine white, thin, tough and long life characteristics. The history of Kaihua paper was called "rattan paper", which originated from Tang and Song Dynasties and became more sophisticated during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. At that time, many documents and books in the Palace used open paper, such as the famous classics such as the Kangxi Dictionary of the Qing Dynasty, the whole Tang poetry, the four library books, and so on.
"since twentieth Century, Western paper has flowed into China, because paper making technology is convenient and cheaper. Traditional Chinese paper has begun to decline. A lot of traditional papermaking masters have died in more than 100 years. Yang Yuliang deeply regretted this. "In fact, the life of traditional Chinese paper is the longest, and it can be preserved for 4500 years under relatively good conditions. Now, with the addition of strong alkali in the general western paper and paper making process, it will not be long enough to become yellowed and brittle.
unfortunately, the loss of Kaihua paper made China lack the top quality handmade paper. Today, the most recognized traditional handmade paper in the world is Japan and paper. The mainstream organizations in the world also use this kind of paper to protect and repair ancient books. For the protection of ancient books, it is a pity to not use the high-quality handmade paper originated from China to repair the ancient books that symbolize Chinese culture. From
2015, the research team of the Chinese Ancient Book Protection Research Institute of Fudan University has collaborate with Kaihua County "Kaihua paper traditional technical research center" and Guangzhou "Guangzhou grand code" to start the research of the traditional process restoration project of Kaihua paper. In March 24, 2017, "Kaihua paper - Yang Yuliang academician workstation" was officially launched.
"there are few records of papermaking in ancient books, so we have to look for them from all kinds of classics. And find the classics printed on Kaihua paper, study its texture, and more importantly, study what its raw materials are. Yang Yuliang told reporters that at present, scholars have discovered a unique plant material in the chemical paper, and began to study the slow process of making traditional paper by modern biological methods.
"the protection of ancient books in China has been unimaginable for many years." Yang Guanghui told reporters that the census of ancient books has not been completed yet. At present, about 50000000 volumes have been surveyed. According to incomplete statistics, 30% of them need to be repaired.
and compared with huge demand, before the start of the Chinese ancient book protection program in 2007, there were no more than 150 people in the country who had been engaged in ancient books. "Now more than 1000 people have been trained, but they are not competent to repair work or problems." So it's not enough to repair the talent. "
the cultivation of high-end talents for the restoration of ancient books has only started since the Ministry of culture popularized the master's training program in 2014. Fudan University, Zhongshan University, the Academy of Social Sciences and Tianjin Normal University are four higher training colleges and universities. "Now the national economy has developed, and it is also important to protect the things left by our ancestors." That's right. "