day, a Shanghai maternal high temperature day "cover moon" death of the news caused public concern. It is reported that this is the second maternal death caused by confinement in Shanghai in 2015. After the August 6th news report, such topics like "sitting on the moon can't be careless" and "break down the traditional habits of sitting the moon" are reappearing on social websites such as micro-blog and WeChat. In fact, this is not the first time that this year's "Moon" topic has become the focus of public attention. When the princess of Kate was made ten hours after production in early May, there were many netizens who did not sit on the moon.
the so-called "moon sitting" is a custom for women to rest and relocate their body and mind after production. The time is about one month, roughly corresponding to the "puerperal period" in the definition of modern medicine. Traditional Chinese customs believe that women should pay attention to "cover" when sitting in the moon. They should close doors and windows, wear thick clothes and wear hats. At the same time, they can not wash their heads, do not bathe, do not touch cold water and so on. From the perspective of modern medicine today, there are many unscientific aspects of these customs. In recent years, media and academic circles have been writing articles.
, such as the well-known counterfeit Fang Zhou Zi, published in 2011 the article entitled "sitting moon" is the most Chinese traditional custom of bad habits. Fang pointed out that in western countries, the day of childbirth in the western countries will take a bath and move out of bed, "the blood of pregnant women is in a high state of blood. If you lie in a long time and sit still, it is easy to have venous thrombosis of the lower extremities. If the thrombus flows with the blood to the lungs, embolism of the pulmonary artery will lead to sudden death of the mother and it is difficult to rescue.
the Shanghai parturients died in the summer, also known as Luo Zhihua's doctor in the "new Beijing News", called the event "re - prove bad habits have to be changed." Doctor Luo said that various traditional confinement practices often bring great trouble to the pregnant women and even cause substantial harm. Although the media has long been crying out for bad habits, there are still quite a few maternal and family adherence to traditional confinement taboos in China.
Wang Xiaoli, Wang Yan and Zhou Zan Zan of the school of public health of Peking University had conducted questionnaires in 105 counties throughout the country. A total of 21036 children from 0 to 24 months were investigated. They found no shampoo, no brush, unwashed lower body, abnormal activity, no sun, no window ventilation and taboo diet during the puerperium. Women were 71.9%, 45.4%, 37.5%, 23.1%, 55.6%, 37.2% and 61.9% respectively. Except in the south, the rate of dietary taboos in the South was higher than that in the north. The incidence of other taboos in the North was higher than that in the south. Can these taboos really reduce the risk of maternal morbidity? The answer given in this article is negative. This study shows that with the increase of taboo behavior in the month, the risk of maternal morbidity is also increasing, and the various taboo behaviors do not reduce the risk of illness within 2 years of postpartum.
ancient Chinese women's "confinement" began in the Song Dynasty.
in ancient China, giving birth to children is a great event for every woman and family. Accordingly, women's postnatal recovery has also been emphasized. Some medical books in Qin and Han dynasties have already covered related contents. It is clear that postnatal health care has a long history in China. How did ancient Chinese carry out postnatal care?
in the spring and Autumn period, in order to encourage the birth and interest of the population to provide medical care for the parturient women, for example, Wang Gou Jian has ordered the whole country, and the parturient who is about to give birth will take the initiative to report to the government and the government will send medical care. According to the different sex of the baby, the government will provide different maternity and alcohol allowances for the puerpera. If a male is born, the government will provide two pot of wine and a dog. If a woman is born, the government will provide two pot of wine and a pig. At the same time, the public will also pay for the ration of two children, and provide a nurse to give birth to three children to help nurture. Pre Qin to the Tang Dynasty medical books, for all kinds of discomfort after childbirth, all use "postpartum" disease to refer to. As for "postpartum" in the end is a few days, there are three, seven, thirty, 100 days and other different claims. In the Song Dynasty, there was a rule for three days in bed. It seems that three days after birth is the key to maternal life. If there is no serious illness after three days, it can be nourishing and nourishing. Generally speaking, women will stay in the delivery room on the thirty day after delivery.
some scholars believe that confinement originated in the Song Dynasty. Before the Song Dynasty, the Chinese had paid much attention to the postpartum health care of the puerpera. After childbirth, the maternal will be held to a relatively clean place to rest, such as "production", "Qianjin Fang" and other medical books all said, after production, do not let the mother immediately know the baby sex, in order to avoid affecting maternal emotion. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, doctors believed that postpartum three days were an important stage. Relatives should use pig liver to supplement the consumption of maternal viscera. As for the safety of lying in women after childbirth, the most important thing is to prevent blood sickness and spasm. In the medical books from the pre Qin Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, it was often used to describe the blood stasis, such as "depressed heart", "eye opening," and "unconscious". In order to get pregnant women to wake up, the doctor will take cold water, strong hair and knee, vinegar or wine to smear nose and nose, and more, will also be irrigated with urine, blood, horse manure. The so-called "spasmodic", refers to the teeth close biting, limbs twitching, tetanus, muscle difficult extension, usually due to the feeling of cold caused by the so-called "new blood deficiency, more sweat, like stroke". For this kind of disease, Chinese medicine mainly takes the medicine of single live, ginger, ginger, cinnamon heart, Ge Gen, soybean, wind proof and other medicinal herbs, such as stir fry black soybean and filter wine, and make soy purple Soup for women to drink. Besides taking medicine, doctors in the Han and Tang Dynasties will also apply hot compress to the feet and abdomen of the pregnant women to deal with "apoplexy and cold". "Feeling the wind evil" has always been an important angle to understand the postpartum disease in the medical books of the Han and Tang Dynasties. People at that time thought that if the postpartum misfortune was invaded by the wind, the fertility might be affected later. Ancient toilets are usually located outside the house, the king Sun Simiao's "thousand gold square" records, in order to prevent the wind, women should pay special attention to the convenience of the toilet, the best to place the room in the toilet basin. Under the influence of this concept, China gradually formed a custom of confining the wind, wearing thick clothes and wearing thick caps.
Nakagawa Tadahide's eighteenth Century parturient woman's rest map