Re: they work 15 hours a day, 2000 times a month, and often be deducted. Why do these children do not want to leave the black factory?
from the open cases, child workers are more concentrated in the fields of clothing processing, construction, coal mine, fireworks manufacturing, catering and entertainment services, among which the garment processing industry is the most concentrated.
in the low demand, careful and patient requirements of the garment industry, the productivity of child workers is not lower than that of adults, but the remuneration is much lower, and child labor is generally more meekly and more conducive to control.
and Changshou City is a relatively developed area of the national garment industry. At present, there are 360 thousand employees in the garment industry in Changshu, with annual output value and market trading volume of more than 120 billion yuan, the largest garment wholesale market in China, and one of the five richest County cities in China.
employment of child labor is not a novelty here. In the early days of reform and opening up, there were also large numbers of minors who were similar to local apprentices. Later, social progress, industrial upgrading, child labor were much fewer, and labor was abundant and cheap, so there was no need to employ child labor. " Mr. Hui Liang, director of the labor security institute in Yushan Town, Changshou City, has been dealing with small workshops for a long time. He told China News Weekly: "only in recent years, the labor market is becoming more and more tight, and this phenomenon has appeared again."
in 2015, the size of China's labor force dropped from 937 million in 2012 to 911 million, showing a decline in the absolute value for 4 years. The demographic dividend was shrinking year by year, and the wage of the population was increasing. The constantly rising labor cost has made the manufacturing industry constantly search for new industrial depressions. Feng Jian to 2000 kilometers away from the Guizhou rural workers, his 2500 yuan salary, compared to the local salary level in Guizhou, has made the villagers and parents feel satisfied.
because there is no business license, small workshops can not enter the formal labor market recruitment, or find themselves, or rely on intermediaries. "Feng Jian, who has been arrested, believes that villagers and neighbors can trust each other better than mediator. The intermediary brings people not only to pay intermediary fees, but also the risk of escape. Chen Liqun, a police officer of Changshou City Public Security Bureau, told China News Weekly.
labor intermediary is also rising. In Changshu, through intermediary recruitment, a person's intermediary fee will be between 2000 and 3000 yuan. For black intermediary, it is very common to take child labor in adults only according to the number of people counted. "We saw workers in the workshop who were over 16 years old, but in fact they were children workers when they first arrived." Lao Han said, "and few adults are willing to work in small workshops, leaving only young people."
in 2002, China promulgated the provisions on the prohibition of the use of child labour, "prohibiting any unit or individual to introduce employment for minors under the age of 16. Those who are under 16 years of age are prohibited from practising in self-employed businesses. However, whether it is the use of child labor by enterprises or the agency's illegal introduction of child labor, the labor department is quite difficult to investigate.
"small workshop owners must be clear of the rules of law, but because children are young and lie in their age under the guidance of the boss or parents, they generally say that they are adult, only without a ID card, because people who do not receive ID cards in poor areas are common, or they use a similar family identity card. Zhi Huiliang, who has been working with migrant workers for a long time, says that their enforcement is very difficult. The most reported cases have been reported in the cracked cases, mostly due to the disclosure of the bosses' bosses, or the failure of the child labor to report the case.
since 2012, 107 cases of child labour have been investigated and dealt with in Changshou City, involving 211 children and about 3000000 fines. According to the open press index, in May 2012 and July 2015, there were two formal enterprises in Changshou City, which also identified child labour.
black workshops are also hard to detect. They are completely concealed in civilian houses, do not pay taxes, do not pay "five risks and one gold", and the profits are considerable. As an example of the small workshop in which old Han is located, the profit of producing a coat is between 5 and 6 yuan. Every day, they have to process 720 blouses, and the boss has at least 3000 yuan per day.
motivation for work,
Feng Jian and Wang Ming were arrested to twelve Mao Po, the villagers were surprised. Some villagers asked Liu Jiefei, who was just over 16 years old at QQ, "can't work without reading?"
twelve Mau slope in Anshun West show District double Town, located in the hinterland of the Midwest of Guizhou province. The area of the jurisdiction is 3.8 square kilometers, but the area is mountainous and the cultivated area is only 1300 mu. There are 1379 people in this area and the per capita land is less than one mu. The main economic crops are traditional Chinese medicine, tea, tobacco, grape and so on. In 2014, the per capita annual GDP of the village was 6500 yuan, which was similar to the monthly salary of a migrant worker in the developed area.
Wei Junsheng is the only one of the 4 children who has no cell phone and is the only one who can remember his father's telephone number. His fingers were rough, his fingernails were long, his fingernails were black, and he had a few silk wadding. In the past 9 months, these hands have at least turned over 300 thousand pairs of trousers -- his job is to turn his trouser legs and put cotton pads on them. Now, he sat quietly at the bedside of the hotel, his hands sandwiched between his knees, and remained silent for a moment.
he was not the first child laborer in his family. His elder sister went out to work when he was 15 years old. "She will run one, and who knows her." Wei Junsheng said. According to the report of the Chinese youth daily to twelve Mao Poe, Wei Junsheng's doorway is a school, but he dropped out of school at the beginning of the first day. At one time, his family was difficult to "eat salt". When
asked about his parents' work, Wei Junsheng turned around and did not want to talk about it. After a while, they said, "they didn't do anything. They were guarding my grandmother at home." In fact, Wei Junsheng's mother left home a few years before he left because he could not bear poverty. Wei Junsheng's grandfather grew up with a big tumor on his back. He still wanted to go to the countryside to farm. In 2016, his grandmother's condition suddenly increased, and he could not speak and act. Wei Junsheng's father had to give up work and go home to look after the old man. Wei Junsheng came out to work in order to earn money to support his family.
according to the China Youth Daily, it is estimated that there are ten or twenty migrant workers in the village between 14 and 18 years old.
Li Long's family condition is similar. He is the second child among the four children. There is also an elder sister and two younger sisters in junior three. In previous years, the mother took care of the children and depended on her father to work outside. Because two sisters often get sick, plus the debts of building houses, they always carry more than ten thousand yuan of foreign debts. There are few household electrical appliances in his family, and few meat is eaten. So he is basically satisfied with his life in Changshu. When he talked to his mother, he always said, "the boss is very kind to me and can eat well."
Feng Jian only told the monthly salary and payment method of recruiting workers when he hired twelve workers in Mapo. The villagers did not ask much about the specific work content, length of time, rest arrangements, accommodation conditions and so on. Li Jia parents, like other parents, did not have any written contract with Feng Jian. They did not even know Feng Jian's name. The way of communication that Li's mother can think of is to give Feng Jian a basket of peanuts, which is the most beautiful gift in the family.
Liu Jiefei's family is a lot better. His parents work outside the country all the year round, earning quite a lot, and their families are not heavily burdens. So when he got the first salary, he was not particularly pleased. "There is no more money. I just don't want to stay in the village. "
in the web site of "Wan Village thousands of villages in Guizhou province", records of the village's 3 rich farmers, they all have the experience of going out to work in the early years.
Wei Jun Sheng said to China News Weekly: "before, they were envious of those who came out to work. They were dressed up and said that no one was in charge. It was fun." When
Lao Han interviewed in Wenshan, Yunnan, he met Xiao Wen, who was preparing to go out for work. Xiaowen wanted to go out to work, not to earn money for the family, but only to the same village and migrant workers as "a very powerful". This has a great impact on the old Korea. "In recent years, the Midwest has accelerated the pace of opening to the outside world. New things have quickly intervened in those originally isolated mountain areas. The local villagers face a lot of impact and temptation, and they also want to get the lifestyle of these cities." For example, in such a small workshop environment, migrant workers will buy high-end laptops for games and entertainment. He told the Chinese Newsweek.
old Han originally planned to go to Wenshan, Yunnan to interview the bear's home, but rushed to the ground. The neighbour of the bear told him that four people in the small bear family were all working outside, and the living conditions were always not bad. "He wanted to go out, the important reason was to want to be closer to their family."