Xinhua net Ji'nan September (reporter Zhang Xiaojing, Lou Chen) rural school students from daily reduction, some people go empty, and city school students The source has skyrocketed, the "big class" phenomenon that has been overcrowded in the past has not been eliminated, and the new round of "big class" has become increasingly fierce. With the acceleration of urbanization in China, this phenomenon is further aggravated. How can we satisfy the parents' need for children to learn well after "learning"? At the beginning of the term, reporters visited the urban and rural schools and related people.
City School "how many plugs can be stuffed in the classroom"
a reporter at the Peony District Experimental Primary School in Heze, a few classes with the least number of 83 people, the largest number of 88 people. In a classroom that accommodates 87 students, the reporter can only walk sideways. Due to the fact that there was no room for the front desk, two children could only sit on the side of the platform close to the blackboard.
principal Wang Zhenzhong introduced that there were 66 teaching classes in the school, with 77 students in each class. The lower the grade, the more the number. "The growth trend of students in recent years is very obvious. The school district only had 40 thousand people 5 years ago, and now it has more than 100 thousand people." He said.
the contradiction between insufficient educational resources in cities and towns is more prominent in larger cities such as Ji'nan and Qingdao. The reporter learned that at present, the most headache of the educational departments in Ji'nan is how to digest a large number of migrant workers' children, which will lead to the increase of social contradictions.
Wu Shubin, President of the twenty-seventh middle school in Ji'nan, said: "where the parents used to work, where to take the children to school, where the children can go to school now, where many parents work and become urban education immigrants." It is estimated that 40% of Ji'nan's current compulsory education students are children of migrant workers.
Qingdao, a coastal city, also faces a huge increase in the demand for children from migrant workers. In some districts of Qingdao, the proportion of the floating population reaches 48%. In order to meet the needs of schooling, only 97 years have been required for new compulsory education schools in Qingdao in the past 3 years.
the rapid influx of a large number of foreign students makes urban school resources difficult to meet. Zhang Zhiyong, deputy director of the Shandong Provincial Department of education, said that the proportion of over 90% classes in Shandong's urban junior middle schools is now up to the same level. The number of primary schools in urban areas and townships accounts for 16% and 24% of the whole province. However, they bear 29% and 33% of the school-age population. The rise of the source of the source of education resources seriously deficient, the current urban school buildings in the province and the standard difference of 2.1 square meters, the sports field and the standard difference of 3 square meters.
"can go to school in the city, will not stay in the countryside"
9 month 1, the reporter in Zhangqiu Duke Zhuang Zhen Ying camp elementary school learned that the school from grade 1 to six, a total of 80 students, an average of 15 people in each grade. Headmaster Zhang Xuetong said that when the first grade enrollment was made this year, there were 13 people who wanted to come. When the school started, only 10 came. The other 3 students went to school with their parents.
Zhang Xuetong told reporters that the children of 5 villages around here are concentrated in school, and the number of students is still decreasing year by year. In 2009, there were 206 students in the whole school. In the next few years, three or four people graduated every year, and only a dozen people were born. Most of the students who had lost their jobs went to school with their parents. Zhang Xuetong said.
some primary school teachers believe that the gap between rural and urban teaching quality is still relatively large, which is an important reason for the loss of rural students. The headmaster of a rural middle school in the Peony District of Heze told reporters that school music, sports and art teachers were lacking, many of them were held by other teachers. "Music lessons can only be used by tape recorder for children to listen to". The quality of teaching is difficult to guarantee.
it is precisely in this situation that the gap between urban and rural areas is obvious that more and more parents are able to live in cities for their children's education. Liu Zhiqiu, the parent of the Yucheng city of Dezhou, said: "farmers are paying more and more attention to the education of their children, and they will not stay in the countryside." In order to let his son go to school in the future, he has bought a house in the city.
the National Health Planning Commission issued "China's current population development report 2014" shows that the speed of rural school age population transfer to cities and towns has accelerated in recent years, and the proportion of floating population aged 6 to 15 is up to 62.5% in 2013, up 5.2 points than in 2011.
Zhang Zhiyong, deputy director of the Education Department of Shandong Province, believes that these characteristics can be seen from the transfer of rural population to cities and towns. Our country will face the great challenge of more rapid rural education population to urban education population transfer.
the layout of urban education resources should be ahead of planning to avoid hidden dangers
some people think that the total amount of urban educational resources surpassing the turning point of rural education has come. Under the background of rapidly advancing new urbanization, the allocation of urban and rural educational resources in China should be re examined.
Zhang Zhiyong suggested that the allocation of urban educational resources should be included in the overall plan of the national urban development, and the allocation of urban educational resources should be included in the performance evaluation index of social undertakings. If governments do not plan ahead and plan ahead, governments at all levels will leave hidden trouble for the layout and construction of educational resources in cities and towns.
reporters learned at the grassroots level that the most difficult problem faced by new urban schools is the shortage of land indicators and teacher establishment. In some counties, there are only a few hundred acres of land use index per year, and the land index of new kindergartens and primary schools can not be squeezed out. A total of 18 new and primary schools were planned in Weihai from 2014 to 2016, requiring 2646 teachers. Under the rigid constraints of the overall staff and staff, strict control of the new establishment, and the reduction of financial support personnel, there are many difficulties in the establishment of teachers in new towns.
the management system of "local responsibility, hierarchical management, and county based" in basic education in China has also affected the enthusiasm of the inflow government to place the children in the local government to a certain extent. At present, the appropriation of basic education funds is dependent on the student domicile. Once the students leave the residence of the household, the education funds can not do "money and the people". At present, the education expenditure of children who live on the move is mainly borne by the government of the inflow area. The area where the number of children who are moved by the children is large is very large.
people in the grass-roots education circles suggest that the state should solve the problem of allocation of funds for public education, by changing the way of appropriation based on household registration to the education voucher system of "money and people", and to bring the children into the financial security scope of the inflow area.