the dry wheat field in Caohe Town, Jining, Shandong. Shandong has a severe drought for 60 years, while Jining is a two hundred year drought. Intern Wang Kangkang
the drought in Shandong is not met in Jining. The drought will reach
since September 23, 2010. Since September 23, 2010, there is no effective precipitation in Shandong province except the peninsula. The degree of drought in the whole province has reached the degree of drought. The magnitude of the extreme drought is 60 years. There were 28 million 990 thousand mu of Winter Wheat under drought, and 6000 mu had been dead because of drought. In the whole province, 320 thousand people and 130 thousand large animals had difficulty drinking water temporarily.
sixty years of drought
"once rain, not a bowl of water splashed more." In January 28th, Gu Cuiping, Dachang village, Caohe Town, Jining, Shandong, touched his own wheat seedling to the Chinese Youth Daily, saying: "the wheat seedling can keep a part, but it must be reduced."
from afar, yellowing in wheat green is generally yellow and dry.
as of that day, the data released by the Yanzhou meteorological station at the recent town of Cao River show that the continuous precipitation free day is 79 days.
same as 60 thousand mu of wheat in Wu Cun town, Qufu, Jining, and 38 thousand mu began to wither due to lack of water. Adjacent to Zaozhuang City, 22 thousand acres of wheat and wheat in the mountain area have been suffering from 21 thousand mu of drought, and 6000 mu have died of seedlings, or even on the verge of extinction.
in January 27th, the Shandong Provincial People's Government Flood Control and drought control headquarters reported that, according to the analysis of the frequency of precipitation, the drought in Shandong has reached a large drought grade at present, for 60 years, among which Heze and Jining are two hundred years, the drought is still intensifying, and 28 million 990 thousand mu of winter wheat is drought, accounting for wheat sowing in the whole province. 53% of the area, of which 4 million 830 thousand mu of heavy drought.
according to Zhang Shaolin, the chief forecaster of the Shandong Meteorological Bureau, the average precipitation in Shandong province has been 16.9 millimeters since September 23, 2010, which is 90.2% less than that of the normal year. It is the least value since 1951.
Yang Zhendong, director of the Shandong flood control and drought control headquarters, said that there were 690 thousand people and 300 thousand big livestock in Shandong, which were mainly distributed in the hilly areas of Weifang, Linyi, Yantai, Zibo, Jining, Tai'an and Zaozhuang.
in terms of available water sources, 391 small reservoirs have dried up in Shandong, 366 rivers have been cut off, and more than 30 thousand wells have obviously insufficient water output. At the same time, the groundwater level of Shandong is accelerating and decreasing. The decline in some places is 1~2 meters, which increases the difficulty of underground water intake.
because the reservoir water storage in the upper reaches of the Yellow River is reduced by 30% compared with the previous year, and the influence of water regulation and sediment regulation in the Yellow River, the water level of the the Yellow River River trough is cut down, and the water diversion along the line is generally difficult.
in January 28th, there was a snowfall in Ji'nan and other places, but the average snow volume was less than 1 millimeters, which was of little significance for alleviating the drought in Shandong. Zhang Shaolin predicted that before the Spring Festival, there was no significant precipitation in Shandong.
Yang Zhendong said that the drought situation in Shandong is still increasing, and the drought situation is becoming increasingly severe.
according to the preliminary forecast by the meteorological department, the precipitation will be less than 1~2 in the 1~5 month of this year. With the arrival of spring, the temperature rises, the weather is windy, soil moisture loss is fast, and the available source of water tends to decrease.
if there is still no large range of effective rainfall by the end of March, the drought in Shandong will be further exacerbated, and 40 million mu of farmland is expected to be droughts, and nearly a million people are difficult to eat, and the drought resistance will face a more severe challenge.
weather drought is not equal to agricultural drought
"except for part of the peninsula, other places in Shandong have no effective precipitation since the last ten days of last September last year. It should be said that the whole province is arid in an all-round way. But it means the weather is dry. " Yin Changwen, a spokesman for the Shandong provincial flood control and Drought Relief Headquarters, said: "the wheat drought we announced is an agricultural drought."
, he said, meteorological drought and agricultural drought are two different concepts. Agricultural drought means that the water content of soil can not reach the growth requirement of wheat, that is, the relationship between seedling and meteorological drought is not the same.
according to the Shandong Provincial Department of agriculture's planting management, the Shandong wheat planting area is 53 million 903 thousand mu, an increase of 475 thousand mu over the previous year.
in the face of drought, 17 cities in Shandong have a total area of 34 million mu of farmland poured over the winter water before the freezing of the earth. It is the largest year in which the water has been overwintered in the last few years.
because of the winter irrigation, some of the farmland did not suffer from drought. Some of the droughts are eating, not having water and irrigation, and many local farmers do not have the habit of winter irrigation, but pay more attention to spring irrigation after the Spring Festival.
"no motor well, all depends on the reservoir."
"only use small diesel engine and plastic hose to pour a little bit, raise a bit, have to stroke two hundred or three hundred meters, can pour two or three points every day."
"cold weather, plastic hose will freeze, do not want to pour water." When
China Youth Daily reporter learned about the situation in Cao he Town, villagers said that although there were winter irrigation habits, there were many difficulties in winter irrigation.
Yang Zhendong said frankly that there are some problems to be solved in the current drought relief work.
, he said, the irrigation canal system of most reservoirs in Shandong is not complete and imperfect, and the problem of water and canals is prominent. After 8 consecutive years of abundant water, many drought resistant water source engineering facilities are aging and can not play a role. The system of drought resistant service is weakened, technical force is lost, and equipment aging is missing.
in addition, with the massive transfer of rural labor force, and the low efficiency of agricultural products, some farmers' enthusiasm for drought relief is not high.
Shandong provincial agricultural technology extension station master koji said that the current wheat is in the overwintering period, can not be watered blindly, because the soil has not been frozen, the temperature in the field is still below zero degrees Celsius. When water is poured into the field, it can not permeate, and easy to form thin ice. It will cause damage, scratch and cut to the plants of wheat seedlings.
he said that the growth and development of these dry wheat will not be greatly affected as long as the temperature rises up to 3~5 degrees centigrade per day in February and is poured through the green water.
because the current wheat is in the overwintering period, if water will cause frozen dead seedlings, many measures can not be implemented, so it is very important to water the green water for the wheat growth in Shandong Province in the spring.
Yin Changwen said that under the condition of not being able to irrigate at present, the most urgent task is to keep water and ensure spring irrigation.
according to the program of drought resistance, Shandong plans to extend 845 new water sources before the end of February and extend the 470 long distance water pipeline network and carry out sufficient carrying water vehicles.
Yin Changwen said that in spring irrigation when the spring is suitable for spring irrigation, the agricultural drought area in Shandong will be expected to be greatly reduced. "If the spring drought is aggravating, it is sure to start the emergency plan."
"we calculate the 'water accounts' of the province, which should basically meet the demand for water supply this spring, including urban and rural water for human and livestock, urban industrial water and agricultural irrigation." Yin Changwen said that the water source that can be used mainly includes the following pieces:
one is reservoir storage, the reservoir water storage in Shandong in 2010 is much more than that of the year, the two is the groundwater, the Shandong province has been successively rainy for many years and the groundwater is relatively abundant; the three is the river water storage, through the construction of the dam, the plain river and the mountain rivers are saved. A certain water source. "
" an important source of water is the Yellow River water, now the reservoir of the Yellow River Xiaolangdi Dam reservoir is about 4000000000 cubic meters, the Yellow River to Shandong water indicators can play a certain supply role. " According to Zhao Haitang, director of the water transfer Department of the Yellow River River Affairs Bureau in Shandong, since December 2010, Shandong province has cited 1 billion 67 million cubic meters of water in the Yellow River, which has been the highest in the same period in the past ten years. "
" water resources in these areas can play a full role in ensuring the use of spring irrigation water. " Yin Changwen said that in the face of severe drought, water resources, projects and organizations are particularly important.
the government of Shandong provincial government has allocated 50 million yuan in the recent years to allocate 20 million yuan, which was supported by the central government, to the infrastructure construction of the drought serious city and county. It is specially used for the construction of drought emergency water supply project and the purchase of drought resistant machinery.
at present, Shandong has allocated 728 million yuan for drought relief.
drought will affect grain price
Shandong is China's second largest wheat production area, the main producing area continues to dry, and wheat futures prices begin to rise. However, experts believe that the price of wheat artificially should be avoided. A certain reduction in production this year will not seriously affect supply and demand, and the grain price expectation should be returned to reason. The reduction of
will lead to a certain increase in price, but in the past few years the wheat industry has been increasing continuously. The national development and Reform Commission's data show that China's grain stock accounts for more than 40% of its consumption, far higher than the internationally recognized security level of 17% to 18%, and can fully guarantee the supply of the domestic market.
for the bulk commodities such as grain, it is hard for the venture capital to enter and it is not easy to make speculation. Therefore, speculation caused by idle capital will not easily arise. But we should also see that inertia caused by excess liquidity will become an important factor in driving up grain prices.
Jie Hongqi said, since the autumn sowing was suitable for the autumn of 2010, all the techniques were put in place, the whole province had a neat emergence of wheat, and the quantity of seedlings was generally sufficient. The quality of sowing and seedling emergence was the best year in recent years.
"drought in farmland is not equal to disaster." He said, "how the output depends on the development of late climate and the effectiveness of drought relief. Spring irrigation after spring is the key to drought resistance and production. "
in order to ensure stable grain production and increase the income of farmers, Shandong province started the work of direct grain Supplement 1 months ahead of time to help farmers to snatch agricultural time, resist drought and preserve spring ploughing.
the Shandong Provincial Department of Finance announced that the Shandong grain subsidy standard was 98.45 yuan per mu this year, an increase of 18.4% over last year, ranking the highest in the country.
Shandong has increased its grain subsidy fund by 6 billion 540 million yuan, an increase of 15.16% over the same period last year. Subsidy funds will be allocated to the county level before the end of January, and then distributed to farmers.