Author: Liu Biao Chi Huandong source:
when the price of the vegetable price will fall back to the reporter Cui Jian
this year's food is too expensive, which is the common sense of many citizens.
according to the Ministry of Commerce, vegetable prices rose by 62.4% in the first half of November compared with the same period last year. On the 20 day, the general office of the State Council issued 16 measures to stabilize the total price of consumer prices, of which 5 were directly related to vegetables, including production, transportation, wholesale and retail.
why is this this year's vegetables so expensive? Which of these links, which is the most important driving force to push up the price of the vegetable?
a recent reporter has tracked a few vegetables and investigated each link, and found that the higher the terminal, the higher the price of the consumption link, the higher the cost of the non vegetable itself. That is to say, from the wholesale market to the "last mile" of the public dining table, the price of vegetables is "sesame flowering high" and the highest price increases.
the price of tomato is "soaring"
0.8 yuan / Jin is bought in Qihe vegetable farm, which is about 5% higher than last year. It is shipped to Ji'nan first class wholesale price 0.9 yuan / Jin gross interest rate 10% Ji'nan "two wholesalers" wholesale 1.2 yuan / Jin gross interest rate 30% to 2 yuan per kilo gross profit rate up to 70%
production. Vegetable farmers: cabbage did not increase much money
22 at 5 o'clock in the morning, the day is not yet bright, the western suburbs of Ji'nan Kuang Shan vegetable wholesale market is already full of traffic.
21 in the afternoon, Yang Feng in Qihe County of Dezhou came here with his own cabbage, and spent the night with his wife in the car, so as to catch up with the market earlier. Yang Feng said, "it is said that the price is high this year, but I don't feel how much money has been raised. In order to earn more money, many vegetable farmers, like me, sell Cabbage by themselves. Yang Feng planted 8 acres of cabbage this year. In Qihe, the good Chinese cabbage also sells for 0.4 yuan / Jin, and the difference is 0.3 yuan / Jin, or even lower. "Compared with last year, it also gained five or six cents." Yang Feng said that the only good thing this year was last year, whether it was good cabbage or bad cabbage, could be sold.
Gao Yongzhi and Yang Feng who sell from Gansu to Ji'nan are very similar. In Gansu, farmers sell potatoes from the ground, only 0.8 yuan / Jin, 0.1 yuan higher than last year. In his opinion, in addition to rising costs, there is a reason that farming as work, potato less, especially in Inner Mongolia, the total yield decreased badly.
the first article of the 16 articles issued by the general office of the State Council stressed that "vigorously develop agricultural production and support the construction of vegetable planting bases and vegetable sheds at all levels of finance." [
for this, Yang Feng said, "the policy is good, the key is whether we can put it in place." Even if the State supports, whether he wants to expand the planting area, he has to consider it. According to the laws of the past, there are less vegetables in this year, the price is up, the farmers make money, and the planting area will increase sharply next year. Yang Feng said that the price of Chinese cabbage soared in the winter of 2007, and the planting area was expanded in 2008, and no one wanted 3 cents a kilogram.
first turn: potatoes are only a few cents a
to buy food from the vegetable farmers' hands to sell to Ji'nan. It will go through hundreds of miles or thousands of miles. Most "first - level wholesalers" say they have only a few cents.
with potatoes as an example, Gao Yong will hire someone to buy potatoes from Gansu, collect one jin to two cents, add the cost of packing, and cost from 0.8 yuan / jin to 0.85 yuan per Jin, and then to Ji'nan, plus freight 0.2 yuan / Jin, the cost will be 1.05 yuan / Jin. Gao Yongzhi said that in addition to collecting money, transportation costs a lot of money.
third of the 16 articles issued by the office of the State Council mentioned that "since December 1st, all toll roads are exempt from tolls for vehicles that are legally loaded with fresh agricultural products, and include potatoes, sweet potatoes, fresh corn and flowers in the green passage catalogue."
"this can really reduce transportation costs." Gao Yongzhi said that a car of potatoes from Gansu to Ji'nan, only the highway fee is more than 3000 yuan, but the highest cost of transportation is oil, "unfortunately the policy does not involve the oil price problem."
"we used to enjoy the green channel policy instead of highway fees." Geng Shengjun, who trafficked cabbage from Tai'an Feicheng to Ji'nan, had no idea about the price of oil. He said that oil prices were too high and often failed to add diesel fuel, which made them very passive and raised the price of vegetables. Geng Shengjun in Feicheng to buy cabbage to Ji'nan, the most expensive is the cost of road, an average of one jin of Chinese cabbage plus 5 cents, and a charge of a jin of only 1 cents, 0.4 yuan / jin of Chinese cabbage in Feicheng, shipped to Ji'nan to at least 0.46 yuan / Jin.
vegetables will be sold to Kuang Shan vegetable wholesale market when they are transported to Ji'nan, and the entry fee will be added. The average price is 1 cents a Jin. Gao Yongzhi and others generally say "not very high".
Zhang Qin from Qihe to Ji'nan from the trafficking of tomatoes to a reporter to the reporter an account, the purchase of tomatoes from Qihe vegetable farmers in the hands of about 0.8 yuan / Jin, 5% higher than the same period last year, shipped to Ji'nan, the wholesale price of 0.9 yuan / Jin, increased by 0.1 yuan, excluding the cost, she is only 2 cents a jin of profit. "But after many rounds of change, the price of tomatoes was 2 yuan / kg and 1.1 yuan in Ji'nan." Zhang Qin said.
Gao Yongzhi's potatoes were sold out for 1.3 yuan per kilo, and he bought and shipped potatoes from Gansu to Ji'nan, with about 3 cents a jin of pure profit. The final retail sale of potatoes is 2.2 yuan / Jin, which is nearly 70% higher than the wholesale price.
second hands: tomatoes per Jin plus 3 cents a / >
is the same vegetable wholesale market. The wholesale price of vegetables in seven Libao is about 0.1 yuan / Jin, and some even higher than 3 to 4 cents.
dealer Liu Aimin told reporters that, in addition to the "first grade wholesalers", there were two traffickers from the "first class wholesalers", and they were sold from the "first grade wholesalers" in Kuang Shan, and then to the seven Li fort. It was sure to add a few other corners and four corners of the corner. Five corners, even more. "The profits we added are not all made by us." Gao Zhiguo, who wholesale Chinese cabbage, told reporters here to sell vegetables here, to pay for the truck entrance fee, fixed stall fee and public security management fee, respectively 18 yuan / ton, 500 yuan / month and 2-5 yuan / day, these costs are not very high, but also should be counted into the operating costs, and the price of the vegetable can be improved invisible. [
[16] issued by the general office of the State Council has the requirement, "all regions should further standardize and reduce the booth fees and supermarket entry fees."
Ms. Liu, who wholesale tomatoes and eggplant, told reporters that after 10 a.m. every morning, most "first - level wholesalers" would return to the house, leaving most of the "two - grade wholesalers". In general, "two wholesalers" with 0.9 yuan / kg of price from "first class wholesalers" in the hands of tomatoes, and then 1.2/ Jin price to retailers, 0.3 yuan / Jin, gross profit of more than 30%.
Mr. Han, who sells vegetables, told reporters that he sold potatoes and cauliflower mainly, with potatoes added about 0.2 yuan / Jin, gross profit of about 20%, cauliflower in 0.1-0.2 yuan / Jin, and gross profit of more than 10%. "Look at gross profit, remove bags, tapes and other expenses, earn less money, one day down, earn more than 100 yuan is good."
Retailer: we also make hard money
the reporter then investigated several vegetable retail markets, and found that most of the retail prices were 1 yuan per Jin. Take tomatoes as an example, at present, the retail price of poor quality is about 2 yuan per Jin, with a good quality of about 3 yuan per Jin, the gross interest rate is between 50% and 70%, which is the highest gross profit in all circulation links. "Gross margin" does not mean that net profit will be high. Don't look at wholesalers with low gross profit, but they are big enough to earn a lot of money, but we are very small and earn Xin Kuqian. " Zhang Yong, who has a fixed stall in the farmers' street farmers' market, told reporters that in addition to the 30 yuan transportation fee per day to the wholesale market, his biggest expenditure is 200 yuan per month stall fee, a year to 2400 yuan, "plus the daily use of a convenient bag of seven or eight dollars, a day to earn more than 100 dollars is good."
it is understood that booth fees are indeed a great expense for retailers. Tomatoes of the same quality sell at 2.5 yuan per kilogram in the market of civil rights street, while they sell 3 yuan / Jin in the market of Shun Yu North District. Ms. Hou, a vegetable dealer, said that when there was no unified planning in the market, each booth was charged 50-60 yuan / month, less than 1000 yuan a year. Now every stall in the market has been installed with iron shelves and unified management. The cost of a booth has risen to 4000 yuan a year. "Such a high cost, plus the loss of vegetable decay, we can only increase the price." Ms. Hou said.
in the 16 articles issued by the general office of the State Council, "the charge items approved by the governments at all levels should be appropriately reduced in accordance with the actual conditions." Mr. Lee, the
stall, said they were not willing to set the price so high that they could not sell. "If the related costs are really reduced, the people are happy that we are happy."
the multi department said "bad tube"
from the field to the common people's table, vegetables at least four of their hands, of which there are three times in Ji'nan, the price is rising.
take tomatoes as an example. The vegetable growers sell 0.8 yuan / Jin, and the first class wholesalers sell 0.9 yuan / Jin and the gross profit margin is around 10%. The price of "two level wholesalers" sold to retailers is around 1.2 yuan / kg, and its gross profit margin is above 30%. The price of retailers to be sold to the public is doubled, with a gross profit margin of 70% yuan at around 2 yuan. "Overall, the increase in vegetable prices is mainly due to a reduction in total production." The responsible person of the Ji'nan Agricultural Bureau said that from the origin to the sales area is only one link in many links, although the profit is small and the transportation distance is far away, but the quantity is large and the investment is relatively small, so from the absolute income, "the first class wholesaler" makes a lot of money. He said that the responsibility of the agricultural sector is mainly to provide technical services and policy support for farmers, and has no right to interfere in vegetable prices.
the person in charge of the Ji'nan Price Bureau said that at present, 95% of the commodity prices in the market are open, and their fluctuations are completely regulated by the market according to the supply and demand. Only 5% of the goods need the price of the government, and the "last kilometer" of vegetable prices is just a kind of market behavior. At present, price departments regularly carry out dynamic analysis and monitoring of vegetable prices, but will not interfere.
the person in charge of the Ji'nan Municipal Bureau of Commerce said that the phenomenon of "the last kilometer" should be a systematic reason, first of all, the rise in the price of agricultural capital, which leads to higher prices for vegetables than in the past. Secondly, the increase in transportation costs, the increase of human cost and the overall rise in the price of the goods, and each link for its own birth. The increase in price increases the price of vegetables. At present, the business sector is only responsible for encouraging the healthy development of circulation enterprises and standardizing the quality management of enterprises.
/ > related links - experts suggest a limited opening of the ban on current vegetable stall
before the State Council Premier Wen Jiabao, at the standing meeting of the State Council, studied and deployed policies and measures to further promote vegetable production, guarantee market supply and price basic stability. Mobile vegetable stalls open up specialized sales areas to reduce sales costs and benefit consumers.
there are experts proposing that the government should strengthen the management of the existing farmers' market, force them to add pesticide residues testing instruments, and then organize the nearby locations of temporary mobile stalls to be organized by the farmers' market. In this case, it is possible to consider the opening of a mobile stall within a given period of time, which can not only facilitate the public, but also ensure the interests of the operators and reduce the pressure on government management.
- foreign experience uses supermarkets directly to the purchase model of origin
vegetables from the origin to the wholesale market, and then through the middleman, to the farmer's market or the standardized vegetable farm / supermarket, this middle profit is stacked layer by layer. Which link is not necessary, which link is too high?
professor Shi Lei of the school of economics and management of Fudan University, in fact, in fact, in foreign countries, basically is the supermarket directly to the origin of the purchase, from the origin to the supermarket, all links in the middle can not be used, the food sold to customers is good and cheap. But now our supply mode, the entrance fee, the stall fee, the management fee, the quarantine fee and so on, and so on, are too high, which cause the vegetables to go to the supermarket completely, rather than to go to the supermarket. Ring.
Professor Shi believes that the model of direct purchasing and selling of supermarkets in supermarkets is not feasible in our country. Like Metro's pork is sold directly from the purchasing supermarket in the producing area, the quality is good and the price is not expensive.