19 day of Shandong business daily, chessboard District vegetable market shallot has risen to 8 yuan per Jin, a supermarket on the mountain road has also risen to 8.3 yuan per Jin. The most heard word in the vegetable market is: "this year's scallion is really expensive, and it can't afford three or four yuan." In order to answer the doubts of the public, the reporter interviewed the Zhang Qiuning family village vegetable farmers, brokers, middle wholesalers, small merchants, and large merchants, to understand how a green onion from the ground price of 2.5 yuan per Jin, through 50 kilometers to the public hands up to more than 8 yuan per Jin. This edition / picture reporter Liu Xiaojun
Zhangqiu onion farmer is ready to sell the onion
< br / > the single price of the green onion on the supermarket 8.3 yuan The first step: shallot farmers
0.5 yuan / kilo one mu of onion, cost at least 2150 yuan
the city of green onions so expensive, then how much is the cost of the scallion in the field? How much is the price of the ground? Shallot farmers, merchants really made a turnover?
Zhang Qiuning, the big scallion of Xu Jia Village in the home port, can also be said to be a wholesale large household. Wang Qing gave the reporter an economic account.
Wang Qing calculated the cost of planting an acre of green onions. One mu of land needs about 1 jin of onion, and the price is 120 yuan to 130 yuan per catty. In addition to the basic cost of the scallion seed, it also needs to go through a grooving ditch, four times, "these are mechanical and artificial, the machinery is 80 yuan per mu, the artificial cost is 80 yuan, and the cost of digging the soil for four times is 400 yuan."
the spring onion seedlings have been planted. "The artificial cost of planting onions for one mu of land is 450 yuan, and all of them are spring onion seedlings in the morning and planting onion seedlings in the afternoon. One person can also plant 2 points a day, so it takes a long time." Wang Qing said, most of the onion households are using the seed to cultivate the onion seedlings, and the onion households to buy the onion seedlings. The one mu land is almost 600 yuan to 700 yuan of onion seedlings, and the cost of using the onion and the onion is almost the same. "It may cost less to grow green onions, but it takes time to cultivate them."
1 acres of green onions need 120 to 150 kg of fertilizer. "At least four times of fertilizer, 20 kg for the first time, second kg for 30, 50 kg for third, 30 kg for fourth times. This is the average situation, so only chemical fertilizer will cost 600 yuan to 700 yuan. Wang Qing said that in addition to fertilizer, there are pesticides, one mu of land need to use 5 bags of pesticides, a bag of 20 yuan.
so the cost of planting an acre of scallions is clearer. The cost of acre onion planting is 120400450600 100=1670 yuan (at the lowest cost). An acre of land with an onion plant: 600400450600 100=2150 yuan.
how much green onion can be produced per mu? How much can the scallion farmers sell? Here is the brokers mentioned earlier. The brokers are not strange between the onions farmers in Zhangqiu, that is, the one-off contracted onions farmers, responsible for the joint with the onions farmers, to complete the harvest, and to sell the scallion to the first grade wholesaler. "The broker once contracted the land of the onions farmers, the price of the onions to 6000 yuan to 7000 yuan per mu, the output of one mu of green onions is generally more than 12000 Jin to more than 13000 Jin, and the yield is good to more than 16000 Jin." If you can produce twelve thousand jin of onions per mu, the price of an acre land is 6000 yuan, and the price of scallions from the scallion farmers is 50 Fen catties. At such a price, the income of the onion farmers is more than 3000 yuan per mu.
second steps: brokers
0.8-0.9 yuan / Jin Spring Festival before Spring Festival to 2.5 yuan / Jin
3 times higher prices, and brokers become "vested interests"
but not what we think, the price of scallions produced by shallot farmers is not the ground price we often say, only brokers finally hand in hand The price of the scallion is the real price.
"at the time of last year, the price of a broker to a first-class wholesaler was 8 kg to 9 catties of a catty and 3 to 4 cents per catty". This part of the price difference comes from the cost of collecting shallots. "We need to hire eight or nine people per mu, plus dinner and so on, a total of almost 1000 yuan, and sometimes we can not get the money." A broker told the reporter.
a wholesaler, who does not want to be named, told reporters: "in fact, in the whole link, the most earnest money is the broker, because he is a monopoly on the upper and lower reaches, and the price is completely fixed by himself."
the wholesaler gave an example: when a broker contracted from a scallion farmer, the price was 5 cents per catty. When sold to the first class wholesalers, the price of each catty was raised by 5 cents, so that the total price was 1 cents. "But we must not belittle these 1 cents, and the agent is the number of Mu instead of the Jin. One mu of real estate is twelve thousand jin, that is to earn 1200 yuan per mu. "
see here, many people will be curious, is not the price of a catty 8 to 9 wool, why did it become a catty of 2.5 yuan after the year? Three times a foot.
"this year's onion is more than the previous year, but the seed is less, the former Zhangqiu species of onion can reach 30 thousand to 50 thousand mu, and now the most is more than 20000 mu." Wang Qing said that twenty thousand or thirty thousand pounds of green onion could be plough every day and sold in one day. Now there are less than one thousand jin of stock in a family, and of course there are many. Moreover, some brokers or shallots sold well this year. They did not sell onions until the year ago.
Wang Qing went to buy scallion in the hands of scallion, and he did not want to sell more than one jin of onion. He also did not want to sell a catty of 2.5 yuan. "They want to keep them, waiting for a higher price, and still want to sell a catty of 3 yuan, but basically no one is willing to accept this price."
third steps: first class wholesaler
3.8-4 yuan / catty wholesalers said that only 2 cents a pound of money
Zhangqiu's broker after collecting the scallion, the first to be sent to the five wholesale markets in Zhangqiu, here is the so-called first grade wholesaler. "
" generally, the scallions sent by the brokers are partly transferred to the large customers in the field, and the other is sold to the two - level wholesalers in Ji'nan. " At the same time, Wang Qing, as a first class wholesaler, told reporters, "in fact, our first class wholesaler earned money is very fixed, the brokers come in a piece of money or five yuan, once a deal is reached, we only add 3 cents per Jin to the large customers, including 1 cents of the loading and unloading costs, that is, a jin can make 2. Share the money. "
Wang Qing said that the first grade wholesalers mainly take the quantity. "The average amount of 5 cars can be taken a day." General freight cars, trolley carrying capacity of 20 thousand jin, five cars is 100 thousand jin, then calculate, one day can earn 2000 yuan, this is still the least count. A large car can hold fifty thousand or sixty thousand jin or seventy thousand or eighty thousand jin. "
" but now the price of the purchase is 2.5 yuan, and now the quality of the onion is not good, some shallots are frozen, the old skins outside the onion are also many, we also have to process their own processing, hire people to deal with, a person 60 yuan. Wang Qing asked reporters how the price of scallions sold from the top to the wholesalers.
remove the rotted leaves, and part of the scallion, the fold loss rate is 30% to 35%, plus 2% to 30% of the wind loss, just these, the onion will become at least 3.75 yuan. "We sell the general asking price for a Jin 4 yuan, but it's a lot more than a catty of 3.8 yuan, that is, a pound or a few cents."
fourth steps: two grade wholesaler / > 4.2 yuan / Jin
fifth steps: three grade wholesaler
5.3 yuan / kg. The cost is not so much money as
when the onion enters the city, the price of the two wholesalers is more than one jin and 4.2 yuan, that is, a Jin has risen 4 cents. According to a reporter's investigation, the cost of the 4 cents includes freight, wind damage and entry fees for trucks entering the market.
green onion from Zhangqiu to Ji'nan, the cost price rose from 3.8 yuan per catty to 4.04 yuan per catty. That is, two level wholesalers can earn about 0.19 yuan per catty.
so it seems that there is not much money in every catty scallion, but the process is not over yet, there are three wholesalers and small businesses. This process is the biggest increase.
reporters found in the seven Libao market that the price of third grade wholesalers was 5.3 yuan per catty when they were granted to small traders.
"you don't have to look like a lot of money, but we have to deal with rotten leaves, mud, and stall fees, more than 1000 dollars a month, and these are all costs." A three grade wholesaler complained to reporters that he could not earn much money in this way.
at the same time, reporters found that the three level wholesalers in the Seven Mile market were selling at least 5.5 yuan to 6 yuan per catty.
sixth steps: the retail price of the vegetable market is
8 yuan per jin of 3 yuan per Jin and the largest increase of
the small merchants wholesale scallions from the three wholesalers may be the most "ruthless" in this link, from 5.3 yuan per Jin to 8 yuan, or even 8.3 yuan per Jin from the wholesale price. But they also have their own bitterness.
"we this link is the most severe impairment of the onion, a bunch of onions there are good and bad, don't pick up when the purchase, sale will be bad. And when the onion comes to us, it has to continue peeling and remove the onion leaves, which adds up to 7 yuan and costs more than a pound. The merchant said, the key is, every time a bunch of onions, less than forty pounds, but two days are sold, the two winds of loss is also serious. "In this way, the root makes no money."