Vegetable prices have risen by CPI
Statistics Bureau said the short-term surge affected small
the National Bureau of statistics showed that the national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2.8% in April, of which food was the biggest increase. In March and April, the price of vegetables in China increased by 18.5% and 24.9% compared with the same period in March and April, while the number of vegetables increased by 32.7% and 32.6% respectively. But from CPI, the statistics show very low. Why does this happen? How does CPI's data come out? In this regard, the reporter interviewed experts from the National Bureau of statistics.
price index is the overall indicator
: vegetable prices fever, why CPI is very low?
answer: CPI is not a single commodity price increase, but an overall indicator, reflecting the price changes of the goods and service items consumed by the more than 1 billion 300 million people in the country. And people's feelings of rising prices are often the feelings of a single commodity price changes.
besides, some goods and services are regular consumption items, and the people are more sensitive to the price increase. For example, garlic prices have risen, and the people feel particularly deep, but they may ignore the price of pork lower than the same period last year, and other vegetable prices have not risen like garlic. Although vegetables are increasing a lot, the proportion of vegetables in CPI is limited, and the short-term inflation has limited impact on the CPI index.
ask: what price of goods and services are included in CPI?
answer: CPI measures the price changes of a group of representative goods and services. The survey of consumer prices in China is divided into food, tobacco and wine and supplies, clothing, household equipment and services, health care and personal supplies, transportation and communications, recreational education, cultural supplies and services, and residence. There are eight main categories, including 262 basic categories: Residents' eating, wearing, using, living and doing.
taking into account the differences in consumption habits, consumption levels and other factors of local residents, specific commodities are determined by various localities and approved by the state. The system requires a city to choose more than 600 items of goods and services. Such as the selection of vegetable varieties, because of the differences in consumption habits, the northern selection of large areas of Chinese cabbage, the South selection of big Chinese cabbage area is not much; northern love to eat green onions, the south is more choice of shallot.
there is a difference between personal feelings and index changes.
: how much is the price change of each commodity related to CPI?
answer: the importance of commodities in the overall CPI population, that is, the weight of CPI has a great influence on the classification index and the total index. And the determination of the number of weights is determined by the overall consumption structure of a local area, and the individual consumption structure may be very inconsistent. Therefore, the impact of a commodity price rise and fall on the CPI is fixed, but the impact on individuals is different, and therefore the feelings are different.
ask: people think pork is quite expensive now, but statistics are falling. Why?
answer: This is the difference in the base period. Ordinary residents feel the price changes. The base period of comparison may be 35 years ago or even 10 years ago. And CPI is mainly published in the same period, compared to the same period last month, last month, the observation period is shorter, which reflects the price fluctuation is only a certain period of time. If the consumer price is placed in a longer period of time, the price increase will be more obvious. Pork prices began to rise sharply in 2007, and pork prices are down compared with last year's prices, but they are still higher than those in 2006. Is consumer price index undervalued
answer: This is the difference in personal affordability. For example, the expenditure of low-income families is mostly concentrated on the necessities of food and water and electricity. At present, the eight major commodities and service projects in the CPI survey are in the top of the food and living category. Therefore, the low-income families will feel the price increase and the pressure of life increase. For the high income population, the proportion of food expenditure accounts for a small proportion of total expenditure, and the prices of cars, mobile phones, computers, LCD TV and so on are the trend of price reduction, so they are not so sensitive to the price rise and are more able to bear.
generally speaking, ordinary residents are concerned about "food, clothing, housing and housing" and other commodities and services that are closely related to daily life. The scope of the CPI survey is more extensive, a comprehensive average after a weighted calculation, which contains both the rising varieties and the falling varieties. If the price of the residents with specific rising goods or services is compared with the general level of the published consumer prices, the CPI will feel underestimated.
Q: prices in Beijing are very high, but CPI is not high. Why?
answer: in a large market economy, the price trend is convergent. However, because of the different cost of commodity in production and circulation, there may still be some phenomenon that the price rise of some commodities is not synchronized, or there is high price and low price. As a result, when one reaches another area from this area, it will produce different feelings, and the CPI data in his impression may be fixed, not taking into account the regional differences. (according to the people's daily)