Break the industrial bottleneck electric vehicle and enter the commercial trial period
China's electric vehicle industry has gone through the outbreak period of 2010, and began to enter the stage of establishing the right to speak in the industry. A game related to the electric vehicle industry standard is developing among different interest groups. Government departments, industry associations and auto companies have formed a consensus that electric vehicles determine the lifeblood of the future Chinese auto industry, and in this huge gamble, they are bound to be successful. The associations and enterprises, representing different branches of technology, have been betting and expect to win the game in this risky, but likely, rewarding game.
China's passion for electric cars also makes the world crazy. As the world's fastest growing and largest car market, China's electric car industry standard is likely to become a world-class standard. Needless to say, this huge and lucrative market is leading an electric car marathon, and multinational companies are among them. This is not only a competition of endurance, but also a contest of discourse power.
charging mode dispute
January 7, 2011, the State Grid officially announced the operation mode of its electric vehicle charging station. Liu Zhenya, general manager, revealed that the State Grid will follow the basic business mode of "replacing electricity and supplemented by plug-in" to speed up the layout and construction of charging and exchanging power stations. It is estimated that 150 power stations will be built throughout the year, and an electric vehicle charging and exchanging service network will be built in cities such as Beijing, Hangzhou, Tianjin, Hefei and Nanchang.
this is the first shot of the Chinese power giant to enter the electric vehicle industry. Previously, the "electricity exchange mode" has always been a stand-by plan for the charging standard of electric vehicles. At the Beijing auto show in 2010, only one Chery announced the use of "commutable battery" as one of its applications, and signed a joint development document with the Better Place company in the United States. Many other enterprises are mainly focused on rechargeable electric vehicles.
expert analysis shows that the reason why the State Grid supports the "cold war" is nothing but the advantages of the grid. Because it itself is a power seller, it is hoped that electric cars will be charged at night with low power, and in the daytime power, "battery change" will not affect the efficiency of the power grid.
Liu Zhenya said that the electric vehicle battery is provided by the State Grid charging station uniformly, and the battery without electricity will make full use of the peak load charging at night. At the same time, the battery will be installed on the chip to monitor the battery position, the remaining amount of electricity, the remaining mileage, and even inform the driver of the next power station position for the next battery.
Liu Zhenya calculated an account with an account of 10 liters of car fuel consumption, 70 yuan for oil, 20 kilowatt hours for electric vehicles. The electric charge is only 20 yuan, and the difference between 50 yuan in the middle, which provides space for the operation of electric vehicle battery charge for the state grid operation. In accordance with the business model established by the State Grid, "no money is charged for car sales, and no battery charge for cars."
replaceable battery mode will not be limited to electric cars. In January 1st of this year, Henan new beauty electric bus was rolled out in Xiangcheng County, Xuchang City, Henan Province, and Xuchang electric vehicle charging station was put into operation on the same day. It is understood that the charging station is invested by the State Grid, equipped with 15 charging piles, and also provides battery replacement services. The electric bus will be powered by battery replacement. 3 workers are required to remove the battery and complete the operation in 10~15 minutes.
compared to electric cars, electric buses need to dismantle multiple batteries at one time because they are loaded with more batteries, requiring physical and time cost. But as a short distance operation, the way of changing batteries is much more convenient than charging. Because the current battery fast charging mode is not mature, it is possible to damage the battery and lead to the lower battery storage. In general, the charging station is not recommended to be charged quickly.
take Beijing as an example, the first charging station in Yanqing has been completed in the construction of the city, which can charge 50 vehicles at the same time, and the charging stations are mostly distributed in the suburbs. In the planning of the State Grid, the core of the city's traffic will be to build a battery charging station based on rechargeable batteries, so as to effectively alleviate the heavy pressure of vehicle charging demand.
in terms of investment scale, the construction cost of a medium-sized charging station is about 43 million yuan, of which charging pile construction cost is about 100 thousand yuan. In contrast, charging and replacement stations also increase labor costs and invest more, but save time and cost.
some experts believe that the establishment of a convenient and convenient electric vehicle energy supply network is very important. For automobile enterprises, it is also necessary to change ideas. Under the condition of the shortage of parking space and traffic congestion in the big cities, it is unrealistic to expect to build expensive charging piles in all public parking and residential parking spaces under the premise of long charging time and obvious battery technology bottleneck. The replaceable battery mode may become an excellent choice for pushing electric vehicles on the road.
commercial competition
not long ago, Ji'nan automobile Administration Office granted the license to the first electric car Chery QQ3 EV of the city. This not only means that the first electric car in Shandong has finally got a legitimate voucher, it also indicates that the Chery new energy vehicle has officially entered the private user market in Shandong province.
in June 2010, the state "notice on the pilot of the private purchase of new energy vehicle subsidies" pointed out that the subsidy for the new energy vehicles that met the support conditions was 3000 yuan / kwh; the maximum subsidy for the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles was 50 thousand yuan, and the highest supplement to the pure electric vehicle was 60 thousand yuan. At present, a total of 7 models of Chery have entered the national notice. After considering the state subsidy, the actual cost of car purchase by Rui Qi M1 EV is only about 50 thousand to 60 thousand yuan, which is at the same price level as gasoline engine vehicle.
BYD electric vehicle first opened the taxi market. In 2010, 100 BYD E6 pure electric vehicles were purchased by BYD and Shenzhen bus group, which was built by Shenzhen Pengcheng electric car rental Co., Ltd., which was set up by the joint venture of 55: 45 shares. Some of them were put into operation. Under the taxi demonstration, in the first 10 months of 2010, BYD E6 sales volume was 54, and F3DM hybrid electric vehicle sold 290 vehicles.
in January 21, 2010, Zhongtai automobile started the commercial trial operation of Zhongtai 2008 EV in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, in the form of "leasing trial operation". It is understood that Zhongtai's earliest plan was to launch 100 vehicles for leasing, but so far only 30 vehicles have been put into operation. In response, Zhongtai electric vehicle official said that slow charging and lagging construction of charging facilities hampered the rapid promotion of pure electric vehicles.
by adopting different modes of operation, automobile companies have launched commercial competition in the electric vehicle market. Xie Zicong, a senior researcher in the business model of China electric car and the strategic planning of charge and exchange infrastructure, believes that the innovation of electric vehicles needs the "three horses" and the government's unified understanding of the whole vehicle, battery and energy supply service enterprises, so that the resultant force can be twice the result. "The correct business model is the guarantee of the various industrial chain of electric vehicles and the profit of each enterprise. On this basis, a complete set of technical routes can be set up to form an effective universal standard of vehicle, power battery and charge and exchange equipment, so as to build an incubating platform for technological progress."
at present, the industrial structure and business mode of China's electric vehicle is still not formed. Some scholars believe that without a clear business model, even if the development of electric vehicle products, enterprises are also difficult to make profits. From this point of view, the commercialization of enterprises is only the outer layer, and most of the enterprises are running commercially in the attitude of testing water, so far, no business is able to make a profit. Therefore, we should start with the discussion of the business model of electric vehicles as soon as possible, and identify several feasible business models. Led by the government, the business models are tested by different enterprises for a certain period of time. Finally, according to the results of market operation, which mode is most suitable to decide. This means that infrastructure construction and business mode operation need to be led by the electric vehicle demonstration city government rather than by an enterprise. The bottleneck of the
electric vehicle is difficult to be popularized, mainly because the price advantage is not obvious, the use and charging are inconvenient, and the endurance of the endurance is short and the cost advantage of the electricity fee is not outstanding. Therefore, the popularity of electric vehicles can not rely solely on government subsidies, infrastructure construction should keep up with the speed of technological development, neither can nor can be too pessimistic. After all, electric vehicles represent the direction of the development of the future low-carbon society, which is of progressive significance.
it is understood that the European and American countries used the model of the bundled sales of vehicles and batteries, and the construction of the charging network to supplement the electricity, so far it has not been successful. From the point of view of our country, the current model of electric car rental by some enterprises is mainly to avoid the disadvantages of high cost of electric vehicles, let consumers contact the products first, thus improve the market awareness. In order to solve the problem of inconvenient use of electric vehicles and difficult maintenance of battery, it is still necessary to start from the infrastructure. The mode of "charging and changing electricity one" adopted by the national grid is not a good solution.
from the government, associations to enterprises, are planning for the new industry of electric vehicles. As the industry bottleneck has been gradually broken, electric vehicles have also entered the commercial trial period. This stage is also a breakthrough for China's electric vehicle industry to overtake.