Daxinzhuang site excavated the pride of Ji'nan culture
reporter Zhao Xiaolin correspondent Wang Xinghua
nearly 60 years since the archaeological excavation has been a great discovery of
the bronze ware and the production level of the bones is unthinkable
the Shang Dynasty The domination center and the East Chien bridgehead
planned grand Ruins Park hope to build the national boutique
"it rises in the big expansion wave of the early Shang Dynasty, like a nail wedged into the vast plate of the Dongyi culture. Since then, as the capital of the dynasty moved from ZhengLuo district to southern Hebei Province, commercial culture has been on the defensive in many directions, such as the south, the West and the northwest. But eastward almost always maintained a momentum of progress. Obviously, this is inseparable from Daxinzhuang, a town that has always stood in the late Shang Dynasty. Such strategy and historical position make it difficult for Da Xin Zhuang to become the focus of academic circles. We can also understand why each of its discoveries is so inspiring: 300 thousand square meters of settlement, the first unearthed Oracle Oracle, the cemetery and the burial of the noble tombs of copper and jade ceremonies. As far as Daxinzhuang is concerned, the new discoveries have made the archaeologists draw the bottom of the historical picture of the merchants: the big copper tripod of more than 50 centimeters high and the large copper Tomahawk of nearly 30 centimeters high, which made many scholars speculate that the owner of the tomb should be or at least close to the highest military commander of the eastern expedition, plus a large rammed building with a corridor. The base site, as well as the more abundant historical and geographical information on the inscription on the bronze inscriptions, have reason to believe that Daxinzhuang should be the ruling center of the east of the Shang Dynasty.
this is a comment by Xu Hong, a researcher at the Archaeological Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, at the final review of the ten major archaeological discoveries in 2010, on the ruins of the Shang Dynasty in Daxinzhuang, Ji'nan.
Shang Dynasty, Dongyi culture, oracle bone inscriptions, bronze weighing instruments, and Eastern classics. Just listening to these words is enough to make people interested in this area.
at the county (city) District Secretary conference held in Wen Guangxin, Ji'nan, the Ji'nan Municipal Bureau of cultural relics mentioned the site of the grand Xinzhuang Shang Dynasty again: "the protection and development program of the great Xinzhuang Shang Dynasty ruins is being planned, and some of the plans are in place." This seems to indicate that the date of Daxinzhuang Shang Dynasty ruins transformed into the grand ruins park is getting closer and closer.
the great Xinzhuang Shang Dynasty site is a very strange archaeological "treasure ground"; last year, the two period excavated and used the aerial photograph
the great Xinzhuang Shang Dynasty site is a very strange archaeological "Baodi", history has been excavated many times, each time the shocking great occurrence of the shocking people: 1952, 1953, 1955, 19. In the past 58 years, 1984, 2003, March 2010 to June, this area has been found important in several decades of exploration and archaeological excavation, which is rare in the history of Archaeology in China. Many people do not know that from June to December last year, the Archaeological Institute of Ji'nan continued to excavate the area in this area, and found, unearthed more important relics and sites, and made this area one of the most important archaeological sites in the Ji'nan region.
Li Ming, director of Ji'nan Archaeology Institute, participated in the excavation of Daxinzhuang archaeological excavations after 1984. In order to find out the whole picture of this ancient site, he used the remote control helicopter aerial photography, which is the first time in the archaeological history of Ji'nan. Li Ming pays much attention to the aerial photograph, which makes the archaeologists know more clearly about the distribution of the site and the surrounding environment and the distribution and relationship of the burial and settlement. "In fact, in fact, in fact, in June last year, after the formal hosting of the excavation for more than a month, we selected a few sites only unearthed a number of Shang Dynasty bronze tango and other weapons, which let a little discouraged. In addition to the bad weather at that time, it affected the progress of the excavation, but the archaeologists were patient to clean up every inch of the agent, and finally found a large number of important and important relics in the later excavation. A large number of unearthed bronzes, jade articles and bones have made us cheers once and again. A number of 'first and first' have made all the archaeologists in the Ji'nan Institute of archaeology a great spirit.
a lot of people in Jinan know that there is a big Xinzhuang, but only know that there are many important treasures unearthed here, and to what extent the importance can not be said. Because no systematic research has been carried out, even many people who are involved in archaeological excavations are hard to make clear.
, what kind of uplifting ruins and relics have been excavated in the latest two archaeological excavations?
it is understood that the excavation area of more than 1000 square meters, a total of more than 50 grey pits in the Shang Dynasty, 13 grey gully, 2 kiln sites, 4 house sites, and more than 90 tombs at each period. The distribution of the tombs in the Shang Dynasty was concentrated and arranged in an orderly manner. A number of bronzes were unearthed in the tombs, and some bronze objects were inscribed with family emblem.
a large amount of unearthed bronze is the greatest harvest, of which the first unearthed and inscribed bronze is the joy of
"first say bronze bar. During the first half of the first half of last year, only the bronzes and bronzes were found, and the inscriptions were found on the bronze wares unearthed in the two excavations, which were not in the previous excavation. Although the number of words is not large, it has been rare in the whole country. Moreover, this time is also the largest number of bronze ware excavated. It is very rich in the shape of the tripod, the Duke, the Jue, the jar, the Tomahawk, the Dou, the Dou, the Dou, the Dou, the Dou, the Dao, the knife and so on. To give you an example, take the late Shang Dynasty Tombs numbered as M256, this is a rectangular pit vertical hole tomb, the unearthed martyrs there are 14, accompanied by martyrs unearthed 4 bronze bells. There are two layers of soil around the bottom of the tomb. In the west, there are two martyrs on the platform. There are spear, GE and other weapons on the two floors of the East, with leather textures under the arms and traces of paint. The burial tool is 1 coffin 1 outer coffin, and the condition of the burial equipment is poor. The human bone is rotten seriously, leaving only the skull fragments and several teeth. There are 36 pieces of funeral products, of which there are 31 pieces of bronze ware, including 2 tripod, 2 pieces, 2 pieces, 1 pieces, 1 pieces, 1 pieces, 1 pieces, 1 knives, 1 pieces, 6 pieces, 8 pieces, etc. A tiger type jade ornament is also very rare. There are also 3 pieces of pottery with a shell ornament and a combination of beans, beans and pottery. The number of bronze wares unearthed in this tomb, especially the bronze double owl, is vivid and exquisite. It is rare in the archaeological excavations of the same time in Shandong. In this period, the basic combination of the Shang Dynasty aristocratic tombs - tripod, Duke and Jue, had two sets in this tombs, which showed the identity of the tomb owner was extraordinary. The combination of tripod, Duke and Jue found many in the tombs excavated. In addition, bronze is very rare in Shandong area. According to the data, it should be the first time unearthed. " Li Ming, director of the municipal Archaeological Institute, was also very excited about the archaeological excavation.
is not the only thing that makes Li Ming excited. Many inscriptions have been found on the Bronzes Excavated. He told reporters that during the first excavation, only bronze ware with symbols and symbols was unearthed, and no inscription was found. In the two period, many inscriptions on bronzes were found. This is the most inspiring finding. At present, there are many bronzes because of the serious corrosion, it is difficult to know whether the underneath of rust is inscribed, and it is necessary to do the work of later protection, rust, identification and so on. He showed the reporter a picture of bronze ware with inscriptions. It was a bronze Duke with a "Suo" (voice). In fact, one of the most important discoveries of archaeology is the two bronzes with the inscription of "Suo". Because this word is related to a historical battle of Shang Dynasty. "Suo" is a place, or a settlement. It is the place where Shang Yi war was passed by Wang Zhaozheng at the end of Shang Dynasty. The specific location of this place has not been conclusive and is controversial in archaeological circles. In 1973, a group of bronzes was unearthed in the village of Li Gong in Yanzhou. There were inscriptions on the bronze ware, and many people thought that Yanzhou was the land of the Shang Dynasty. It is hard to say now that "Suo" is probably in the north of Lu, not far away from Ji'nan, and the bronze ware of Li Gong Village may be rewarded. Li Ming believed that this word provided an important clue to the route of the Shang Wang's war and the specific position of the "SOHO", which provided the real evidence for Ji'nan's position in the Shang Dynasty.
found the original porcelain of the celadon, the burial of gold foil, jade, bone, bone, and cinnabar, showing the central position of
in the early and late period of the Shang Dynasty, in addition to the bronze, a certain amount of jade and bone, the beauty of the shape, the fine workmanship and the work. Archaeologists are excited by the high level of art. Jade articles include jade huang, jade shovel, jade Tomahawk, jade Ge, jade jade and so on. Many of them are funeral objects with the highest specifications of the Shang Dynasty. The bones are unearthed in the living area. There are a few hundred pieces. There are hairpins, dagger, needle, cone, and handle. Among them, there is a bird - shaped bone hairpin. It is very exquisite. The bird's head is engraved carefully and the knife method is sharp. Although it has been over 3000 years, it still shows a kind of "hegemonic and energetic". Archaeologists say that the Shang Dynasty worships birds, and the so called "birds of paradise, descending and producing business" illustrate this point. Although the bone is not the symbol of identity like bronze and jade, so many bones are found in the living area, which shows the prosperity of the region and the prosperity of the people in the year. The pottery has not found the whole device, but the number of pieces is large. It is important to find the original porcelain. It should be the precursor of the celadon, which is also a significant discovery in the domestic archaeological excavation.
in the past, people may only know that this is mainly the site of the late Shang Dynasty. In fact, in the two phase of excavation, the early Shang Dynasty tombs were found and the specifications were very high. The tombs of this kind of tombs are large, but most of them have been stolen and buried in the early days. But from the remnants of the buried articles, they can still be found to be a high size tombs at that time. The archaeologists said that the burial burial of M216 was stolen early, and there were a large number of broken pieces of gold foil and Turquoise fragments in the tombs. It showed that the tomb should belong to the high specification tombs in the early period of the Shang Dynasty, showing that the owner of the tomb was uncommon, because in the Shang Dynasty, the person who could have gold foil was far higher than the general official or the nobleman. Through this burial, it is also known that the Daxinzhuang area is in the central position in the early period of Shang Dynasty to the late period of Shang Dynasty, which has a significant historical continuity of Shang Dynasty culture and profound cultural accumulation.
the bottom of many tombs at the Shang Dynasty site of Daxinzhuang is red. Archaeologists say that red is cinnabar, belonging to the funeral custom of Shang Dynasty. The tombs of this cinnabar cover account for 80% of the total burial, indicating that the burial is a nobleman's burial area at that time, and the funeral customs of the center of Shang Dynasty are in the same vein. "We also found a lot of bones, though not Oracle, but they are also exciting. Because the age of these bones belonged to the early period of the Shang Dynasty, the region was very stable at the time, so it could be sacrificed frequently, and the high specifications of bronze and jade were unearthed at the same time, which fully explained that the region has a very important position in the Shang Dynasty's Orient system.
Li Ming, in the opinion, should not take these burial bonuses as superstitious, because it was a symbol of the rank of the master of the grave, representing a political position and a means of management. The large amount of usage also shows that the rulers used a high rate at that time and could find many historical information. The Shang Dynasty ruins that excavated the above specifications bronze, jade and bone ware, except for Yin Ruins and two Li Gang, are third. These relics also show the particularity of the tomb owner's identity, which should be directly related to the Royal and ruling center of Shang Dynasty.
Daxinzhuang is the dominion center of the Shang Dynasty and the Orient; we hope to set up the grand Ruins Park as soon as possible, and make the
"the bronze ware, the jade, the bone and the pottery of this unearthed country, most of which are closely related to the Shang Dynasty's later capital of Shang Dynasty. Some Eastern characteristics are the product of cultural integration. The shape of some of the objects was consistent, indicating that Daxinzhuang was at the time of the ruling center of the Shang Dynasty in the East, maintaining a close relationship with the center of the Shang Dynasty, and having a direct cultural inheritance, showing the status of the great Xinzhuang area at that time. That is to say, this is the bridgehead of the Shang Dynasty and the East, and has an important position in politics, economy and strategy, next to Yin Ruins and two Li Gang. This is Li Ming's preliminary judgement on the archaeological excavation results.
Li Ming also regrets that the archaeological excavation has not found the site of the city wall, although it has made clear the location of the tomb and the living area of the great Xinzhuang site. Such a large aristocratic tomb area must be closely related to the city, and the city is not too small. Finding the ruins of the city wall has become the main target for archaeologists.
at present, all the information points to a conclusion - the great Xinzhuang Shang Dynasty site, with unparalleled important archaeological values, especially the archaeological excavation of the Shang Dynasty sites. In the words of Li Ming, the significance of the historical and cultural research of the Shang Dynasty in this region is no longer limited to Ji'nan, or the scope of Shandong, and it should be placed at the height of the country. The cultural information unearthed here is in the forefront of the Shang Dynasty sites throughout the country, and it is the lucky and proud of our city to have such a high standard cultural site. We hope to fully understand its value and connotation, understand its social value and economic value, build great ruins park, create national quality products, so as to fully display the status of the most important Shang Dynasty sites in the country.
two archaeological excavation made the Daxinzhuang site once again become the most important archaeological site in the Shang Dynasty. And this also brings us many questions: what is the pattern adopted by businessmen to the Orient? What are the similarities and differences with the Zhou people who replace them? Even where is the big town of Xinzhuang and its surrounding areas? What kind of merchants belong to the "foreigner" and which belong to the highly "commercialized" foreigners? How do the outsiders get along with the aborigines?
these questions remain to be answered. I believe that Li Ming and his colleagues will bring us more exciting, even shocked news and answers in the coming days.